English has 3 main groups of taboo words and expressions
a. A number of words connected with the Christian religion
b. Certain words relating to sexual activity and the associated parts of the body
c. Words that referring to the elimination of bodily wastes (what one does in lavatory)
When people want to express powerful emotion by using ‘strong’ (or taboo) language, that’s what we call ‘swearing’.
We should be very careful about using taboo words and swearwords for 2 reasons:
- We don’t know the exact strength of these expressions in foreign language. Sometimes we say it that’s meant as a joke, but which seriously upset the people we’re talking to.
- It’s indicates membership of a group, own social circle, age groups, etc.
Taboo words and its means
(The stars show their strength when used as swearwords)
Religion
• Damn* = condemn to hell
• Hell*
• God*
• Jesus**
• Christ**
Part of the body
• Ass*** = bottom, buttocks, anus
• Asshole*** = anus
• Balls*** = testicle
• Cock*** = penis
• Dick*** = penis
• Prick*** = penis
• Tits*** = breasts
• Cunt**** = woman’s sex organ
Sexual activity
• Fuck*** = have sex (with)
• Jerk off*** = masturbate
• Come** = reach sexual climax (orgasm)
• Bitch** = immoral woman
• Whore** = prostitute
• Bastard** = child of unmarried parents
Lavatory
• Piss*** = urine, urinate
• Shit*** = excrement, defecate
• Crap** = excrement, defecate
• Fart** = gas from anus
Swearwords
Example… See the different:
- What are you doing fucking in my bed? – literal meaning of fucking
- What are you fucking doing in my bed? – fucking used as a swearwords
The swearing, they are grouped according to meaning.
Exclamation of annoyance
- Damn (it)!
- Blast (it)!
- Goddamn (it)!
- Hell!
- (My) God!
- Jesus!
- Christ!
- Jesus Christ!
- Shit!
- Fuck (it)!
Exclamation of surprise
- (My) God!
- Jesus!
- Christ!
- Jesus Christ!
- Goddamn!
- Well, I’ll be damned!
- Son of a bitch!
- Damn me!
- Fuck me!
Surprised question
- Who/ what/ why etc. the hell…?
- Who/ what/ why etc. in hell…?
- Who/ what/ why etc. the fuck…?
Insult
- Bastard!
- Fart!
- Prick!
- Cunt!
- Shit!
- Sod!
- Bugger!
- Bitch!
- Son of a bitch!
- Asshole!
- Motherfucker!
- Cocksucker!
- Dickhead!
- Screw you!
- Damn you!
- Fuck you!
Insulting to go away
- Fuck off!
- Piss off!
- Screw!
Expression of unconcern
- I don’t give a damn/ shit/ fuck…
Violent refusal/ rejection
- (I’ll be) damned/ fucked if I will!
- Stuff it up your ass!
- Balls!
Used to emphasize an emotion
- Damn(ed)
- Bloody
- Goddamn
- Bleeding
- Fucking
taken with changes from EF book...